Studebaker's
1932 – 33 Rockne
This is how the story of
the Rockne starts. It's 1930 and Studebaker has just closed the
books on the not so successful Erskine line. The final model of the
Erskine, the model 53 has been re-named and re-badged as the
Studebaker Six. However, Mr. Erskine, president of Studebaker
Corporation, still thinks Studebaker needs a car in the low priced
field. The depression is getting into full swing and low priced cars
were about all anyone can afford. It is said, he thought this new
car should be designed by an outside firm and produced as a
subsidiary company in the old E-M-F factory in Detroit. Wow, shades
of the Erskine.
Enter former Dodge
engineers Ray Cole and Ralph Vail. Cole and Vail had opened an
independent Engineering Company and had been working with
Willys-Overland to design a replacement car for the then dated
Whippet. W-O had approved the new car design they had proposed and they had been commissioned to build two pilot models, a four door and a two
door sedan. However, by the time Cole and Vail finished the models, while W-O's board liked the cars, they lacked the funds to put the new car
into production. Cole and Vail then asked W-O if they could keep the
pilot cars, along with the design rights. This was granted to them by
the W-O. Now they had a car design and two pilot cars, but no
customer.
With nothing to do, Cole
and Vail decided to take a break and each headed home from Toledo,
Ohio. Cole to Ohio and Vail to Indiana. Each was driving one of the
Pilot cars. On his way to his farm in Michigan City, Indiana, Vail was
driving right by Studebaker at South Bend, so he decided to stop and
see if Studebaker had any interest in their car.
We know that Albert
Erskine was looking for a new light car to produce and apparently
Vail drove it right up in front of the Studebaker adminstration
building. The story that has been told, would have Albert Erskine, so
impressed with the Cole-Vail car, he agreed to hire Vail and Cole and
put their car into production. Now, Erskine has a problem, Barney
Roos, Studebaker's chief engineer has been completely left out of the
loop. Roos, being cantankerous to say the least, is not going to be
happy. The solution, have Roos design a somewhat larger companion
car. This car would become the Rockne “75” Model 41. Roos was
not given much money to work with, so the larger car would start out
using the 1931 “Studebaker Six”. It would be fitted with a new
radiator shell, new front fenders, and the sun visor removed. This
car would be produced in South Bend for the newly formed,
wholly-owned, Studebaker Subsidiary, called the “Rockne Motors
Corporation of Detroit, Michigan”.
The Cole-Vail car would be
called the Rockne “65” model 30 and be produced in Studebaker's
old EMF plant in Detroit. To avoid any confusion the following
summery about the Rockne naming convention needs to be addressed.
The Rockne cars were named
Rockne “65” and Rockne “75”, the later being the companion
car by Roos and the first being the Cole-Vail car. These are the
names we expect would have been used year over year, like
“President”, “Commander” and so on. The model code number,
Model 30 for the Cole-Vail car and Model 41 for the Roos companion
car, would change each year. So we would have expected the 1933
Models to be Model Code 31 and Model Code 42 respectively. Because
the Rockne had a very short life, due to Studebaker's 1933 bankruptcy,
here is what the 1932 – 1933 Studebaker line-up actually looked
like.
1932 Model Code |
1932 Model |
1933 Model Code |
1933 Model |
30 |
Rockne “65: |
31 |
Rockne “10” |
41 |
Rockne “75” |
41 |
Rockne “75” |
55 |
Studebaker Six |
56 |
Studebaker Six |
62 |
Dictator |
73 |
Commander |
71 |
Commander |
82 |
President |
91 |
President |
92 |
Speedway President |
(Model Code Numbers were
used by Production, Model Names by sales)
It is thought that the
Rockne “65” & “75” used those numbers because they
represented their approximate respective engine horsepower rating. Where “10” for 1933 came from is anyone's guess. Note that while
the “Rockne 65” model code number did change from 30 to 31 as
expected, the “Rockne 75” model code number remained the same. Most believe that the “Rockne 75” was de-emphisized and did not
even show up in most Rockne promotions. It is thought that because
the car remained essentially the same, the model code remained the
same. Some think the “75” was not produced in 1933, but it
clearly was in production through June of 1933.
Both the Rockne models
were powered by Studebaker L-head six engines. The “75” by
Studebaker's 205.3 cubic inch six, formally used in the 1931
Studebaker Six (the 1932 Studebaker Six would use a longer stroke
230.2 cubic inch Six). This engine would make about 72 HP. The “65”
would use an all new design six. This engine would be the third to
last new engine to be designed by Studebaker. Only the 1939 Champion
six and the 1951 Studebaker V-8 would be designed later. This new
engine would power Studebaker's for the next 28 years. See the chart
below.
Model |
Year |
Cubic Inches |
Rockne “65”/”10” |
1932 - 1933 |
189.8 |
Dictator |
1934 - 1935 |
205.3 |
Dictator |
1936 - 1937 |
217.8 |
Commander |
1938 - 1948 |
226.2 |
Commander |
1949 - 1950 |
245.6 |
Commercial |
1933 - 1960 |
Various |
When the engine design was
discontinued, it was making 118 HP, 52 more HP then where it began in
1932. It was one of the longest produced engines in American vehicle
production.
Both Rockne's used
Studebaker's free-wheeling and automatic Startix starting system. The Rockne “65” was generally thought to be a significant
improvement over the original Erskine of 1927 and was well received
by the motoring press. It was priced somewhat higher then Chevrolet,
Ford, and Plymouth, but Studebaker was hoping it would be a sales
success and it was as 23,709 Rockne's were sold. Not as many as
Erskine would have liked, but not bad for the depression years. It
out sold every other Studebaker Model.
The 110 inch wheel base
Cole-Vail Rockne “65” went into production on February 22nd,
1932 and was offered in five body styles in two trim levels,
four-door sedan, coupe, coach (two-door sedan), convertible sedan,
and convertible roadster. The two door couple was offered with or
without rumble seat, while the roadster always had a rumble seat. The trim levels were Regular (Standard) and DeLuxe. Wire wheels were
used on all models. DeLuxe cars came standard with duel sidemounts
and the flying “R” hood ornament.
The 114 inch wheel base
Roos Rockne “75” went into production December 15th,
1931 and was offered in two body styles, four-door sedan and a coupe. The 1932 “75” sales literature had an illustration of a convertible
roadster and mentions a convertible sedan, but they were never
produced. Like the “65” the “75” was offered in regular and
DeLuxe trim, and the coupe could be had with or without rumble seat.
The 1933 body styles for
both Rockne's remained the same. The “65” was renamed to the
“10” and now had a Panel Delivery and Commercial Chassis
offering. The “10” body was lengthened to create a little more
room inside, the overall height was reduced by one inch, mainly due to
the use of 17 inch wheels in place of the 18 inch wheels of 1932, the
front fenders were modified, and the HP was increased to 70 by
increasing the compression ratio to 5.5:1.
Credit:
All
of the information about the Rockne's on this website came from a
Turning Wheels article (December 2004) written by Fred Fox.
Some of my own
thoughts may have filtered in as I re-wrote the information to
shorten what was contained in the original article.
The following charts are
also from that article, but if there are any errors made during the
transition to tables on this website, they are mine. If you see any,
please contact us using the “Contact Us” page of this website.
1932 Rockne “65”
(Model 30) - Model, Price, and Weight Information
Body Type |
Trim |
Body Code |
List Price |
Weight (lbs) |
4 dr sedan |
Regular |
W1 |
$635.00 |
2595 |
4 dr sedan |
DeLuxe |
W2 |
$680.00 |
2675 |
Coupe |
Regular |
Q1 |
$585.00 |
2495 |
Coupe |
DeLuxe |
Q2 |
$630.00 |
2595 |
Rumble Seat Coupe |
Regular |
Q3 |
$620.00 |
2550 |
Rumble Seat Coupe |
DeLuxe |
Q4 |
$665.00 |
2615 |
Coach (2dr sedan) |
Regular |
F1 |
$595.00 |
2520 |
Coach (2dr sedan) |
DeLuxe |
F2 |
$640.00 |
2610 |
2dr Convertible Sedan |
Regular |
S1 |
$695.00 |
2645 |
2dr Convertible Sedan |
DeLuxe |
S2 |
$740.00 |
2740 |
Convertible Roadster |
Regular |
R1 |
$675.00 |
2555 |
Convertible Roadster |
DeLuxe |
R2 |
$720.00 |
2635 |
1932 Rockne “75”
(Model 41) - Model, Price, and Weight Information
Body Type |
Trim |
Body Code |
List Price |
Weight (lbs) |
4 dr sedan |
Regular |
W1 |
$735.00 |
3000 |
4 dr sedan |
DeLuxe |
W2 |
$780.00 |
3085 |
Coupe |
Regular |
Q1 |
$685.00 |
2825 |
Coupe |
DeLuxe |
Q2 |
$730.00 |
2895 |
Rumble Seat Coupe |
Regular |
Q3 |
$720.00 |
2885 |
Rumble Seat Coupe |
DeLuxe |
Q4 |
$765.00 |
2945 |
1933 Rockne “10”
(Model 31) - Model, Price, and Weight Information
Body Type |
Trim |
Body Code |
List Price |
Weight (lbs) |
4 dr sedan |
Regular |
W1 |
$615.00 |
2625 |
4 dr sedan |
DeLuxe |
W2 |
$660.00 |
2700 |
Coupe |
Regular |
Q1 |
$585.00 |
2495 |
Coupe |
DeLuxe |
Q2 |
$630.00 |
2595 |
Rumble Seat Coupe |
Regular |
Q3 |
$620.00 |
2550 |
Rumble Seat Coupe |
DeLuxe |
Q4 |
$665.00 |
2615 |
Coach (2dr sedan) |
Regular |
F1 |
$585.00 |
2520 |
Coach (2dr sedan) |
DeLuxe |
F2 |
$630.00 |
2610 |
2dr Convertible Sedan |
Regular |
S1 |
$695.00 |
2645 |
2dr Convertible Sedan |
DeLuxe |
S2 |
$740.00 |
2740 |
Convertible Roadster |
Regular |
R1 |
$675.00 |
2555 |
Convertible Roadster |
DeLuxe |
R2 |
$720.00 |
2635 |
Panel Delivery |
Regular |
|
$615.00 |
2810 |
Commercial Chassis |
Regular |
|
$425.00 |
|
1933 Rockne “75”
(Model 41) - Model, Price, and Weight Information
Body Type |
Trim |
Body Code |
List Price |
Weight (lbs) |
4 dr sedan |
Regular |
W1 |
$735.00 |
3000 |
4 dr sedan |
DeLuxe |
W2 |
$780.00 |
3085 |
Coupe |
Regular |
Q1 |
$685.00 |
2825 |
Coupe |
DeLuxe |
Q2 |
$730.00 |
2895 |
Rumble Seat Coupe |
Regular |
Q3 |
$720.00 |
2885 |
Rumble Seat Coupe |
DeLuxe |
Q4 |
$765.00 |
2945 |
Specification:
1932-33 Rockne
|
Model 30 - 31 |
Model 41 |
Engine Type |
L-head straight six |
L-head straight six |
Displacement (cu. in.) |
189.8 |
205.3 |
Bore |
3.125 |
3.250 |
Stroke |
4.125 |
4.125 |
Horsepower (1932) |
66 @ 3200 rpm |
72 @ 3200 rpm |
Horsepower (1933) |
70 @ 3200 rpm |
72 @ 3200 rpm |
Torque (ft. lbs.) |
136 @ 1200 |
144 @ 1200 |
Fuel tank |
12 gallons |
14 gallons |
Wheelbase |
110” |
114” |
Tire Size (1932) |
5.25 x 18 |
5.5 x 18 |
Tire Size (1933) |
5.25 x 17 |
5.5 x 18 |
Rear Axle Ratio |
4.4:1 |
4.73:1 |
Ignition System |
Autolite |
Autolite |
Clutch Type |
Borg & Beck |
Borg & Beck |
Transmission, 3-speed |
Warner Gear |
Warner Gear |
Serial
Numbers:
1932 Rockne “65”
(Model 30) |
U.S. |
Canada |
Start |
End |
Start |
End |
000,001 |
016,132 |
960,001 |
960,728 |
1933 Rockne “10”
(Model 31) |
U.S. |
Canada |
Start |
End |
Start |
End |
016,151 |
029,386 |
960,751 |
961,209* |
1932 Rockne “75”
(Model 41) |
U.S. |
Canada |
Start |
End |
Start |
End |
1,500,001 |
1,506,565 |
1,960,001 |
1,960,284 |
1933 Rockne “75”
(Model 41) |
U.S. |
Canada |
Start |
End |
Start |
End |
1,506,566 |
1,507,002 |
1,960,285 |
1,960,322 |
* Some
sources list this as 961,299
The
serial number is located on a plate riveted to the frame under the
left front fender.
The
serial number for the Panel Delivery Cars and Commercial Chassis was
prefixed with a “P”.
Production:
Model |
U.S. |
Canada |
Total |
1932 “65” |
16,132 |
00,728 |
16,860 |
1932 “75” |
06,565 |
00,284 |
06,849 |
Total |
22,697 |
01,012 |
23,709 |
Model |
U.S. |
Canada |
Total |
1933 “10” |
13,236 |
00,459 |
13,695 |
1933 “75” |
00,437 |
00,038 |
00,475 |
Total |
13,673 |
00,497 |
14,170 |
Grand
Total |
36,370 |
01,509 |
37,879 |
1933 Rockne “10”'s were built in
South Bend after Easter Weekend 1933.
Engine
Numbers 1932-33 Rockne
Model |
Start |
End |
1932 Model 30 |
R-1 |
R-16,975 |
1932-33 Model 41 |
B-101 |
B-7,450 |
1933 Model 31 |
R-17,001 |
R-30,700 |
Engine
numbers on the Models 30 and 31 are stamped on top of the cylinder
block on the left side above the distributor.
Engine
numbers on the Model 41 are stamped on top of the cylinder block
between the cylinder head and the water pump.
Accessories:
See
Mar/Apr 1985 Antique Studebaker Review for a very detailed listing of
Rockne Accessories presented by Richard Quinn.
Other:
Salon horns that were accessories in 1932 became standard equipment
on 1933 models, two on DeLuxe trim models and one left horn on
Regular trim models.
However,
because they were also available as extra cost items in 1932 their
presence should not be used as an identification method between 1932
and 1933 models.
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